List of Contents

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1. PLANTS, TAXONOMY AND SYSTEMATICS 1 

2. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF PLANT CLASSIFICATION 10

3. BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE 30 

4. DESCRIPTIVE TERMINOLOGY 59 

5. PROCESS OF IDENTIFICATION 89

6. HIERARCHICAL CLASSIFICATION 120

7. VARIATION AND SPECIATION 129 

8. TAXONOMIC EVIDENCE 135 

9. PHENETIC METHODS: TAXOMETRICS 180

10. PHYLOGENETIC METHODS: CLADISTICS 193 

11. PHYLOGENY OF ANGIOSPERMS 225 

12. MAJOR SYSTEMS OF CLASSIFICATION 256 

13. MAJOR FAMILIES OF ANGIOSPERMS 303

14. PLANT GEOGRAPHY  454

REFERENCES 473

INDEX 493